The Hammurabi code is considered the first criminal and civil code and an exemplary legislative attempt. The code established a rigorous criminal system, based on the "Law of the Talion" ("an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth"). This means that the person who violated the law was sanctioned in the same way.
Also, the Hammurabi code is an antecedent of the modern<em> "Presumption of Innocence" </em>which states that every person is innocent until proven otherwise. In the same way, only until is proven with sufficient evidence that someone is guilty, the State can impose the punishment according to what is established in the laws.
Currently, the "presumption of innocence" is a guarantee included in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
