Under federalism, It would be both state and federal government that has concurrent powers. These are powers in nations with a federal system of government that are shared by both the federal government and each constituent political unit. Hope this answers the question.
The third and the first statements, I believe. I could be wrong.
In the United States, examples of the concurrent powers shared by both the federal and state governments include the power to tax, build roads, establish bankruptcy laws, and to create lower courts.
so i would say C. is the most reasonable.
They protect freedom of the people