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Answer : d) parasite
A parasite is an organism that attaches itself to a host (another organism) and while the parasite benefits, the host is being harmed gradually. This is a symbiotic relationship where only one benefits and the other is hurt.
The answer is marcotting. This is for trees, shrubs and
semi-woody plants. The two cuts are then connected by a straight cut and the
bark is pried loose and removed. This involves pressing of a sharp knife
against the bark preferably as close as possible below a node, moving the knife
in circular motion around the stem.
