Answer:
Super position
Faunal Succession
Crosscutting Relationships
Inclusions
Explanation:
Superposition: The most basic concept used in relative dating is the law of superposition. Simply stated, each bed in a sequence of sedimentary rocks (or layered volcanic rocks) is younger than the bed below it and older than the bed above it. This law follows two basic assumptions: (1) the beds were originally deposited near horizontal, and (2) the beds were not overturned after their deposition.
Faunal Succession: Similar to the law of superposition is the law of faunal succession, which states that groups of fossil animals and plants occur throughout the geologic record in a distinct and identifiable order. Following this law, sedimentary rocks can be “dated” by their characteristic fossil content. Particularly useful are index fossils, geographically widespread fossils that evolved rapidly through time.
Crosscutting Relationships: Relative ages of rocks and events may also be determined using the law of crosscutting relationships, which states that geologic features such as igneous intrusions or faults are younger than the units they cut across.
Inclusions: Inclusions, which are fragments of older rock within a younger igneous rock or coarse-grained sedimentary rock, also facilitate relative dating. Inclusions are useful at contacts with igneous rock bodies where magma moving upward through the crust has dislodged and engulfed pieces of the older surrounding rock.
C. continental drift
(If the continent drifted apart, similar fossils were previously proximal would now be great distances apart)
Answer:
d). It is easier to make a large reflecting telescope than a large refracting telescope.
f). A reflector can collect more light than a refractor.
Explanation:
A telescope is a device that is used to observe distant objects by the use of lenses and mirrors. It is also used to observe different distant objects by their reflection, absorption, emission or the reflection of the electromagnetic radiations.
Most of the professional telescopes are reflectors because :
1. The reflected telescope is able to receive more of the light when it reflects all the light falling on surface. And it is easier for making a large telescope rather then making large lenses for the refracting telescope. So it is easier to make large reflecting telescope than a large refracting telescope.
2. A reflected telescope receives all the wavelength of the light and it reflects all the light falling on the surfaces where it is refracted telescope that contains lenses cannot absorbs all the light and causes the chromatic aberration.
Answer:
Humans require water for survival, so they tend to settle near areas with access to large amounts of water. Rainfall and water bodies such as rivers and lakes provide humans with clean water for drinking, cleaning, agriculture and recreational activities. Pollution of water supplies and population growth depletes aquifers leading to competition and waterborne diseases, especially in developing countries.
Climate patterns around the world influence human settlements. They live in conditions that favor their lifestyles and alter their clothing and housing in accordance with climate. In addition, extreme weather leads to sparsely populated areas and limit agricultural practices; for example, harsh and cold weather favor plants that can adapt to that environment.
Land formations such as mountains and hills shape transportation routes and networks, while the movement of tectonic plates on the Earth's surface sometimes causes hazards like earthquakes that destroy habitats, displace humans and affect the availability of water.
Fertile soil carries out numerous functions such as supporting life, recycling nutrients, regulating water and providing structural support for buildings. Humans extract minerals and perform recreational activities on the soil. Infertility creates deserts and leads to the migration of settlements.
A balanced ecosystem relates to better agricultural produce and less air pollution. Provision of food, safe water and clean air improves the well-being of living organisms.
Explanation:
