I have to post an answer to see the comments.
It is not an economic activity - it's linguistic in nature, not economic.
It is not linguistics either - linguistics is a scientific discipline.
It's also not a culture region - this would be a kind of region, and a region is not the same as spread of culture.
The correct answer is "a) cultural diffusion.
Answer:
The financial crisis is the breakdown of trust that occurred between banks the year before the 2008 financial crisis. It was caused by the subprime mortgage crisis, which itself was caused by the unregulated use of derivatives. The major causes of the initial subprime mortgage crisis and following recession include international trade imbalances and lax lending standards contributing to high levels of developed country household debt and real-estate bubbles that have since burst; U.S. government housing policies; and limited regulation of non-depository financial institutions.
Explanation:
Hope this helps.