Slave codes were pretty much specific laws for slaves back in the day. They were important to the people owning them so the slaves would have to stay their slaves and could not escape or gain any citizenship
I think the Ancient Greek was the first one.
An election is a process, i.e. an organized event in which people go out and elect a person for a political office or other position by voting. For example, we have the presidential election, typically occurring once every four years, since the president has a 4 year term. An example would be the 2016 US election, an election where Donald Trump was named the 45th president of the US.