Answer:
An apparent memory of an event that did not actually happen, unconsciously constructed to fill a gap.
Explanation:
Answer:
Respondent: John's heart beats faster
Operant: John runs away from the dog in fear
Explanation:
The respondent behaviour may not be controlled fully because they are like reflex action for instance John' s heart start to beat faster because the Dog was attacking him while the operant behaviour can still be controlled that is they are voluntary for instance John ran into the house to get away from the dog .
Utilitarianism is an ethical theory in philosophy, also known as the ethics that define <em>the morality of actions</em>, it was developed by an English philosopher named Jeremy Bentham, and promoted by many other philosophers like John Stuart Mill.
The theory states that the best action is the one making the most overall happiness, or "<em>utility</em>", in reference to usefulness.
Among other statements framing those principals we have,
"<em>The greatest good for the greatest number</em>"
This "greatest happiness principle" states that moral actions are those that maximize utility, or happiness, for the greatest number of people.
Therefore, actions resulting in the greatest pleasure for the utility of society are the best actions.
And here we have the basic principles of utilitarianism:
- Pleasure or Happiness are the only things with Intrinsic value.
- Actions are right if they promote Happiness, and wrong if they produce unhappiness.
- Everyone's Happiness counts equally.
Thereby, the ethical principle that states that remark is:
<h3>"
the collective utilitarian principle"
(b)</h3>
The answer would scientific observation I believe :)
