Realism in the arts is a tendency that has been present in them in almost all the periods of culture. However, in literature, it is widely accepted that an art form, all of its own, was born at around the middle of the 19th century —with artists like Stendhal— and lasting all the way through the beginning of the 20th century —with artists such as Benito Pérez Galdós.
It is a literary movement that is characterized by the author´s efforts to depict reality as objectively as possible, aiming at portraying everyday life and common quotidian activities (often those of the middle or lower classes) without romantic idealization of dramatization.
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Unlike the surrealists, the realists intend to produce the most faithful art possible to reality, always seeking to reproduce what is seen with quality and clarity. There is no intention of altering, printing critiques or subjectivities, but simply expressing what is, as it is.
Thus, we can state that the answer is: a) as objectively as possible.
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Each genre has different elements that make it that genre, look for the elements of the story to find It's genre. (Fantasy= talking animals, Sci-Fi= flying cars, etc.)
