Answer:
A. Type I is part of innate, nonspecific immunity, while type II is part of adaptive, specific immunity.
Explanation:
Type I interferons: Are produced early on during infection and are responsible for activation of the innate immune response, e.g Natural Killer cells.
Type II interferons: Are produced as part of the innate immune response and act as a link between innate immune response and activation of the adaptive immune response.
Bacteria and archaea are the two types of living beings made up of prokaryotic cells.
<h3>What are bacteria and archaea?</h3>
Bacteria and archaea are both prokaryotic and unicellular organisms. This means that they both lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. The genetic material is present in a long single loop of chromosome, called the nucleoid.
Both bacteria and archaea have a cell wall present outside of the cell membrane. The structural composition of the cell wall is different among them. In bacteria, the cell wall is made up of peptidoglycan (a sugar and protein complex compound) and in archaea, it is made of pure polysaccharides.
Both of these organisms reproduce asexually. They also have flagella for locomotion, pilus for adherence and a capsule outside of the cell wall for protection against conditions like dehydration.
Therefore, bacteria and archaea are living beings made up of prokaryotic cells.
Read more about prokaryotes, here
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The statements that are true are the following:
1. The levels of microsomal enzymes are decreased.
Microsomal enzymes are functional parts of the human liver, which participate actively in the drug metabolism. It has been shown that the activity of these enzymes is lower in children, reaching its full activity in adult individuals.
2. First pass elimination is reduced because of the immaturity of the liver.
First pass elimination is a phenomenon of drug metabolism, that occurs in the liver or the gut and involves the reduction of the drug concentration before it reaches the systemic circulation. In neonates, the liver is immature and undergoes several changes during the postnatal period.
3. Gastric emptying is slowed because of slow or irregular peristalsis.
Peristalsis is a term referring to the movement of food to several positions of the digestive tract, through muscle contractions. Gastric emptying is strongly affected by peristalsis. Some children have irregular peristaltic movement.
