I believe the answer is b.
Structure A is the mitochondria
Cross between "Homozygous Dominant" & "Homozygous recessive" would result in offspring of phenotype 1:1:1:1. When linkage is not occurs!
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This process is called osmosis whereby water exits the cell through its selectively permeable membrane and into the salt solution to dilute and balance the pressure caused by the concentrated salt solution.