Answer: The answer is a). Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
Explanation: The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) was created on September 26, 1914. It is an independent agency of the United States government whose purpose is to enforce the provisions of the Federal Trade Commission Act, which prohibits "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in commerce" and also, aid in the promotion of consumer protection.
The FTC's Bureau of Consumer Protection stops unfair, deceptive and fraudulent business practices by:
-Collecting complaints and conducting investigations.
-Suing companies and people that break the law.
-Developing rules to maintain a fair marketplace.
-Educating consumers and businesses about their rights and responsibilities
Answer: both testing effects and the effects of the calming music
Explanation: A brief intelligence test helps reinforce learning and makes it more likely that the participants can retrieve related information later as it is more likely to retain information if it is learned separated over time. Calming music may improve test-taking skills, improve performance, reduce stress and test anxiety of the participants and well as improving concentration. Therefore, the participants' increases in test scores may be due to both testing effects and the effects of the calming music.
The answer is Variable
Explanation: A variable is a quantity or a number that can vary or take on different values.
The variable is normally represented as a letter, in this case this number is represented as a "A".
The result of the variable focus on the experiment or the study.
There are three types of variable: independent, dependent, and controlled.
Every 10 years with the new U.S. Census, state legislatures set about drawing the boundaries of electoral districts in their states. The majority party in the legislature typically exerts its influence to draw districts that are favorable to itself. For instance, Republicans may observe that Democrats in their state are packed into a few urban pockets, and consequently, they will try to district them into as few groups as possible to give more representation to their Republican voters. Both major political parties are guilty of partisan gerrymandering, but the GOP spends far more money on the practice and often aims to disenfranchise minority voices.
The origin of the term "gerrymandering" is actually one of my favorite historical tidbits. Elbridge Gerry, then governor of Massachusetts, passed a law in 1812 that consolidated the Federalists into a handful of districts and gave disproportionate voice to the Democratic-Republicans. A political cartoon noted the districts' resemblance of a salamander (see picture below), and called it the "gerry-mander."
Many agree that partisan gerrymandering is a distasteful aspect of our democracy. This year, there have been a flurry of court rulings, including before the U.S. Supreme Court, examining the constitutionality of different voting maps that appear to be designed to disenfranchise minorities. The New York Times has done some excellent coverage that I highly recommend.