Answer:
The correct answer would be option C.
Plants evolved different methods to prevent or reduce the effects of photorespiration.
The C3 plants are the most common plants which do not have any special methods or physiology to prevent photorespiration.
The C4 are the plants in which carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle takes place in different cells. Carbon is fixed in the mesophyll cells with the help of PEP carboxylase enzyme. It fixes carbon and converts PEP into oxaloacetate. The Calvin cycle takes place in the bundle-sheath cells.
In contrast, CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism) plants are those in which carbon fixation and Calvin cycle are separated into time. The carbon is fixed during the night as it helps in reducing the loss of water through transpiration.
The Calvin cycle takes place during the day time in the same cell, that is, mesophyll cell.
A the concentration gradient!
If the producer were to disappear then all the other organisms will either go extinct, survival of the fittest, or have to adapt to the change.
<span>Yes, all living organisms are made of at least one cell (cell theory). But, remember, viruses and prions, which cause diseases, are not technically living things, and they are NOT made of cells. Also, if asked a question similar to this on a biology test, the teacher may be trying for an answer similar to: "Organisms are made of different organ systems, which are made of various related organs, which are made of different tissues working together, which are made of cells". </span>
Answer:An open system exchanges matter and energy with its surroundings (for example, an ecosystem). ... Strictly, closed systems do not occur naturally on Earth, but all the global cycles of matter, for example,the water and nitrogen cycles, approximate to closed systems.Sep 18, 2020
Explanation:
