The labor movement in the United States grew out of the need to protect the common interest of workers. For those in the industrial sector, organized labor unions fought for better wages, reasonable hours and safer working conditions. The labor movement led efforts to stop child labor, give health benefits and provide aid to workers who were injured or retired.

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The origins of the labor movement lay in the formative years of the American nation, when a free wage-labor market emerged in the artisan trades late in the colonial period. The earliest recorded strike occurred in 1768 when New York journeymen tailors protested a wage reduction. The formation of the Federal Society of Journeymen Cordwainers (shoemakers) in Philadelphia in 1794 marks the beginning of sustained trade union organization among American workers.
Dilemmas such as land shortages, religious persecution, crop failure, and unability of landing (a) job (s), increasing rate of taxes, and famine, caused many immigrants to settle in the U. S. because it was perceived as the land of economic opportunity. Especially in the urban areas, where immigrants could experience a new era of industrial change. (Second Industrial Revolution)
This movement of immigrating to urban areas in the late 1800s and early 1900s is now known as the urbanization.
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https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka
