Answer:
1. Cell
2. cell theory
3. Organismal theory
4. resolving power
Explanation:
The cell is the smallest known unit of all living organisms. They are called the building blocks of life. An organism can be unicellular (made up of one cell) or multi-cellular (made up of many cells).
2. Cell theory was formulated and developed by Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow. They are considered as the basic principles of biology.
It states:
1. Living organisms are made up of cells.
2. Cells are the basic unit of life.
3. Cells are formed from pre-existing cells.
4. Energy flows inside the cell.
5. DNA is passed on from cell to cell.
6. All cells have the same basic chemical composition.
3. Organismal theory is the intended counter-argument of the cell theory. It was developed by Reichert, Strasberger, Sherrington, and Pavlov. It argues that the basic unit of life is the organism itself, suggesting that an organism came about from a cell that expanded.
4. Resolving power is the ability of an optical instrument like a microscope or a telescope to view objects that are close together as separate, abling the viewer to distinguish the two from each other.
Answer:
Botulism toxin disrupts motor control <u>by blocking the release of acetylcholine by motor neurons. </u>
Explanation:
Acetylcholine is the principal neurotransmitter in motor neurons. If there is no release of acetylcholine from the presynaptic motor neuron, the ion channels will not open. If the ion channels do not open, Na+ cannot enter the postsynaptic membrane to start an action potential. As a result, the muscle can not move.
The ion channels have a specif receptor for acetylcholine. When acetylcholine binds to the receptors, the channels open. With the ion channels open, Na+ can enter the postsynaptic membrane to start an action potential. This does not happen in the presence of botulism toxin since it blocks the release of acetylcholine.
