Mostly farming, lumbering, fishing, trading,etc. This required cheap labor, or slaves. They were required for the heavy work to be done quickly by demand.
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Because a monopoly would end up making someone monopolizing the whole world to a point where no one can buy a business and would allow them to set their prices as high as they want.
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The former empire of Austria-Hungary was dissolved, and new nations were created from its land: Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia.
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I believe it is the last one because I learned about this in seventh grade and the mayans were actually one of the first civilizations to create a 360-day year. forgive me if im wrong