The correct answer is: B) decreased chromatin condensation
Histone modifications which include phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation and their reverse processes are post-translational modifications that can regulate gene expression. Their effect depends on the amino acid (protein) that is modified, and the combination of the other modifications.
These modifications regulate gene expression by organizing the genome into active form-euchromatin, where DNA is accessible for transcription, or inactive-heterochromatin, where DNA is less accessible for transcription.
Chromosomes assist in the process of cell division by distributing DNA.<span> They act as a container to hold in the DNA molecules
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Every living creature relies on cell division for its existence. Cell division is essential for the organism to grow and function. In order for cell division to occur, new cells need to receive the genetic information contained in the DNA. Because DNA molecules are too large to fit inside the cells, chromosomes ensure that the DNA makes it to the cells by holding them in and keeping them attached to proteins known as histones.
If the structure of a chromosome changes before being transferred to the new cell, malformations can occur. Similarly, if the number of chromosomes is incorrect, it can create a genetic defect. Illnesses, such as cancer, may occur as a result of a defective chromosome. Down syndrome is an example of a condition that is caused by a chromosomal error. A person with Down syndrome has an extra copy of their 21st chromosome.
Genetic information is contained in the DNA and carried by the chromosomes. This material influences the traits and characteristics inherited by the offspring. Traits, such as flower color and seed shape, in plants are determined by this genetic information. In humans, the offspring inherits two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. The combination of these sets determines characteristics like hair color, eye color, height, and gender. Information about gender is set by the X and Y chromosomes. Males have an X chromosome and a Y chromosome, while females have a pair of Y chromosomes.
Answer:
b) spontaneous reverse mutation
Explanation:
Spontaneous mutations are produced by natural biological processes, while induced mutations are produced by mutagenic agents that trigger nucleotide errors in the DNA sequence. In the first phase of the experiment, Sally generated an induced mutation by using 5-bromouracil. The resulting strain required a constant supply of tryptophan to grow.
A reverse mutation restores the wild-type phenotype modified by a forward mutation, thereby reversing the phenotypic alteration to its original state. In a second step of the experiment, the colonies grew without the supply of tryptophan, thereby evidencing that the mutation was reversed in the original colony.
Answer:
If their offspring can reproduce
Answer:
<em>Staphylococcus</em> is a gram negative bacteria that belongs under family Staphylococcaceae.The name is given as their body shape is spherical(Cocci).
Explanation:
The important characters of Staphylococcus are-
- <em>Staphylococcus </em>are facultative anaerobic organism.
- They are spherical in shape.
- As they are gram positive bacteria, thus the cell wall is prominant and easily stained with crystal violet and they are grown in bile salts.
- They are capable of producing coagulase enzyme that cause blood clot.
- These bacteria divides along two axes and thus form clump of bacteria.
Difference between <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>S.epidermis-</em>
- <em>S. aureus</em> is round in shape where as<em> S.epidermis</em> is spherical in shape.
- <em>S. aureus</em> is a opportunistic pathogen that cause different diseases like skin infection where as<em> S.epidermis</em> is non pathogenic bacteria.
- <em>S. epidermis</em> form white raised cohesive colony with 1-2 mm in diameter whereas, <em>S.aureus</em> form golden yellow color colony.
- <em>S.aureus</em> causes hemolysis when it is grown in agar plate whereas <em>S.epidermis</em> is not hemolyse in blood agar plate.
