The higher teaching is the doctrine of the Four Noble Truths and the Path, and this is the Buddhist doctrine of salvation. When a being decides to turn his aspirations in the direction of the Path, then his efforts culminate, not in heaven, but in a state which is outside the whole system of samsära.
The scientific method was discovered in 1561-1626 by Sir Francis Bacon. A scientific method is when the experimenter creates a hypothesis to test it out and make sure it is correct for its project.
Lind's experiments at sea tested some potential cures for scurvy. His experiments were important because he discovered the use of citrus fruit as a cure for scurvy. It ranks as one of the first clinical experiments in the history of medicine.