A woman with severe discoloration of her tooth enamel has four children with a man who has normal tooth enamel. Two of the child
ren, a boy (Bob) and a girl (Gladys) have discolored teeth. Each has a mate with normal tooth enamel and produces several children. Gladys has 6 children, four boys and two girls. Two of her boys and one of her girls have discolored enamel. Bob has seven children, four girls and three boys. All four of his daughters have discolored enamel, but all his boys have normal enamel. a. Draw the pedigree for this family, indicating which individuals are affected with discolored enamel.
Mother (with severe discoloration of tooth enamel) --> bob and Gladys.
From bob --> 4 daughters.
From Gladys --> 2 boys and 1 girl.
Explanation:
Mother with severe discoloration of tooth enamel transferred this trait to her offspring i. e. bob and Gladys. From bob, this trait is transferred to his 4 daughters while Gladys has 2 boys and 1 girl has this type of tooth enamel. This discoloration of tooth enamel comes from the women to their children and this characteristics is transferred from one generation to another generation.
Broad-spectrum antibiotics can cause antibiotic resistance.
Explanation:
Antibiotics are the substances that inhibit the growth of or kill the bacteria and hence, these are used as medications for the treatment of a lot of bacterial diseases.
These antibiotics can either be of broad-spectrum or the narrow spectrum.
The broad-spectrum antibiotics are the ones that are effective against a variety of bacteria, both gram-positive and negative whereas the narrow-spectrum antibiotics are the ones that target only a specific type of bacteria.
Since the bacteria can mutate very fast and hence, develop antibiotic resistance, the doctors usually avoid prescribing broad-spectrum antibiotics and only use them when the causal bacteria is completely unknown.
Hence, in the given case the provider prescribes separate medications for both types of bacteria.
Descending tracts are the pathways by which motor
signals are pass through from the brain to lower motor neurones. Thus, all
the neurones within the descending motor system are classed as upper motor
neurones. The lower motor neurones then directly innervate muscles to produce
movement. Their cell bodies are found in the cerebral cortex or the brain stem,
with their axons remaining within the CNS.
The pituitary gland is sometimes called the "master" gland of the endocrine system because it controls the functions of many of the other endocrine glands. The pituitary gland is no larger than a pea, and is located at the base of the brain.
