These gases<span> may have consisted of hydrogen (H2), water vapor, methane (CH4) , and carbon oxides.
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A nonfunctional CD4 protein on a helper T cell would result in the helper T cell being unable to interact with a class II MHC-antigen complex
Importance of Class II MHC-Antigen complex
- CD4+ T cell-dependent immunological responses need antigen presentation restricted to MHC class II.
Professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) perform a range of functions that are essential for the generation of an effective and specific immune response.
- Dendritic cells (DCs) investigate their surroundings and gather foreign antigens, such as those derived from bacteria or viruses, before activating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to initiate adaptive immune responses against these antigens.
- The thymus' DCs and epithelial cells express (and also capture) a diverse set of self-proteins that contribute to both central and peripheral tolerance.
Recognizing the processes involved in the creation (and stability) of peptide-MHC class II complexes in APCs provides crucial information about T cellular metabolism including both normal and pathological settings.
Hence, the correct answer is option D
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Answer is A.cell membranes
Answer:
The correct answer is: a. Maggots do not arise spontaneously, but from eggs laid by adult flies.
Explanation:
- The meat in the open jars can be directly accessed by the adult flies for consumption. While accessing the food, some of these adult flies can lay egg into the jars which hatch to give rise to new maggots.
- The meat in jars closed by a gauze is exposed to the air but cannot be accessed by the adult flies as the flies are prevented from entering into the jar due to the presence of the gauze. As a result of this the flies do not consume meat, nor do they lay eggs and so no maggots will appear in this jar.
Answer:
Water's high heat capacity is a property caused by hydrogen bonding among water molecules. When heat is absorbed, hydrogen bonds are broken and water molecules can move freely. When the temperature of water decreases, the hydrogen bonds are formed and release a considerable amount of energy.
Explanation:
