A legislative act that inflicts punishment without a trial is unlawful and is called:
a. a bill of attainer
<u>Explanation</u>:
A bill of attainer, also known as an act of attainder or writ of attainder or bill of penalties, is an act of a legislature that inflicts punishment without a trial.

The correct answer is; A president and Supreme Court.
Further Explanation:
The Articles of Confederation were discussed and revised in 1887. These discussions took place at the Constitutional Convention that lasted from May until September that same year.
The Articles of Confederation were not sufficient enough with the growing and still young United States. During this convention, they decided to make the United States Constitution. All of the formed states sent in a couple of representatives except for Rhode Island.
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The soviets wanted a military base in Cuba.
Explanation:
During the Cuban missile crisis the essential demand of the soviets was that they wanted to make a military base in Cuba that can house nuclear weapons.
This was in response to the US military bases that were in central Asia as the soviets felt the need for something as dangerous for the US to be there in their vicinity too.
So the conflict arose out of a defensive strategy that required both parties to project strength.
Imperial expansion is when an imperialistic country expands by taking over territories of other countries.