I'm pretty sure that Nucleotides are found in DNA and RNA.
The action potential spreads through an axon by depolarizing adjacent membrane to threshold.
- K+ departs the cell after Na+, which enters the cell first. Ions can move freely across the axon membrane because of the difference during the action potential.
- Because sodium contains a positive charge, the neuron becomes more positive and depolarized. Potassium channels take longer to open. As soon as the cell does open, K+ rushes out, reversing the depolarization known as repolarization.
- Sodium channels close during the peak of the action potential when potassium leaves the cell. When potassium ions are effluxed, the membrane potential is lowered or the cell becomes hyperpolarized.
- Outside of the cell, the concentration of Na+ is greater than inside the cell. while the concentration of K+ is is greater inside the cell than outside.
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Centromeres split apart during anaphase.
spindle fibers pull the to sister chromatids apart.
Variation is number of alleles for the wing color of the peppered moths. The wing color ranges from pure white to pure back.
Selection pressure is predation by birds.
Explanation:
In the wake of the industrial revolution, white-winged peppered moths had a large allelic frequency in the population compared to black-winged peppered moths. However, when the environment changed due to soot produced by industries (making the environment darker) white-winged peppered moths reduced while that of black moths increased.
This is because black moths were able to blend in and camouflage in the dark environment than white-winged peppered moths that stood out to their predators. Black moths, therefore, had an increased chance of reaching adulthood and passing their genes to the next generation. This increased the allelic frequency of black-winged peppered while that of white-winged moths reduced in the population.
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For more on natural selection of peppered moths check out;
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