In the era after Wold War I and before the Great Depression, American towns grew rapidly mostly because of the Second Industrial Revolution, which gave way to a rise of factories both in and around major cities in the US.
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Importantly, the organization of social groups into a hierarchy serves an adaptive function that benefits the group as a whole. When essential resources are limited, individual skills vary, and reproductive fitness determines survival, hierarchies are an efficient way to divide goods and labor among group members.
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