You will need to provide the text that you are analysing for a specific answer, but basically, you are looking for any time where the author has used describing words that you would use for humans on object or animal, or where the author is making the object/animal use human characteristics like speech.
the effect that this may have on the piece could be that it creates a friendlier atmosphere if the object/animals are described in a positive and useful way but it can work in reverse as well.
Nouns ,conjunctions, and metaphors
The story strongly suggest themes of human relationship and (possibly) a heist or job that seems to be involved.
B.) All americans must be prepared to fight for the safety and freedom of the united states.
No you silly it's the climax!
Climax = emotional peak in the story, such as when a character is feeling so strongly about something that they commit suicide over someone else's dead body lol
Falling action = things that happen after the climax that work towards the resolution