Answer:
Different traits are inherited separately.
Explanation:
This question can be answered using Mendel's second law, known as the law of independent segregation.
To create this law, Mendel used two types of peas: yellow and smooth seed peas (VVRR) and green and rough seed peas (vvrr).
Mendel crossed these two peas resulting in a totally heterozygous offspring (VvRr), that is, the offspring (F1) generated by crossing two homozygous peas generated a completely heterozygous population, which Mendel called a dihybrid.
Mendel performed this crossing to learn how the transmission of traits was passed from parents to offspring. To do this, he should know whether the "V" and "R" alleles were inherited together or separately, independently.
It was at that moment that Mendel crossed the dihybrid individuals and realized that offspring (F2) had a phenotypic ratio equal to 9: 3: 3: 1. He tested several different types of peas and realized that the F2 generation always had a 9: 3: 3: 1 phenotypic ratio. With that, he concluded that the alleles were inherited independently, since the F2 generation had many variations and this would not happen if the characteristics were inherited together.
Mendel's experiment with dihybrid crosses allowed him to conclude that the different characteristics are inherited separately.
