Answer:
The flood shifts the supply to the left.
The increase in healthcare costs shifts the supply curve to the left.
Explanation:
An increase in the cost of production inputs (increase in health costs) or a decrease in the availability of resources (the flood reduced the firm's production capability), will shift the supply curve to the left.
A leftward shift of the supply curve will lower the quantity supplied and will increase the price of the good at every level of demand.
An increase in aggregate demand when the economy is below potential output increases real output and has little or no effect on price levels.
The Keynesian aggregate supply curve shows that the AS curve is fairly flat. This means that during economic downturns, firms supply the quantity of goods demanded at a particular price level.
The Keynesian zone is on the left side of his SRAS curve and is fairly flat, so movements in aggregate demand affect production but have little effect on price levels.
The Keynesian model suggests that in the short term less flexible wages and prices will push the aggregate supply curve upward. This model makes it more likely that the economy will fall below the full employment level. This means companies can hire new workers and increase production without raising wages or prices.
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Answer: In year three the preferred stockholders would receive $7,000 and the common stockholders would receive $25,000.
Explanation: Preferred stockholders are always paid before common stockholders. Since this stock in cumulative it means that when there is not enough income in one year to pay the preferred stock then the company needs to pay them when they have the money in the future.
In this case the preferred stock is 5% of $100 par value and is cumulative. This means that every year the company needs to pay 5% times $100 par value on each stock, and there is 1,000 shares, so the total is $5,000 in preferred stock dividends.
In year one and two they did not declare enough dividends to pay this full amount. In year one they declared $2,000 and year two they declared $6,000. At the end of year two they should have received $10,000, but only received $8,000. In year three they need to pay the preferred stockholders the $2,000 that are in arrears, plus the $5,000 for year three, for a total of $7,000. Since there was $32,000 in dividends declared and $7,000 is going to the preferred stockholders, it means that there is $25,000 left for the common stockholders. $25,000/10,000 shares equals $2.50 dividend per share.
