Langerhans cells are dendritic cells (antigen-presenting immune cells) of the skin, and contain organelles called Birbeck granules. They are present in all layers of the epidermis and are most prominent in the stratum spinosum.
Answer:
Sepsis is usually treated with hydration, often through an intravenous line, as well as antibiotics that target the organism causing the infection. Sometimes medications may need to be used to temporarily support low blood pressure. These medications are called vasopressors
Answer:
b) blastic red blood cell (RBC).
Explanation:
In excess of 340 blood group antigens have now been described that vary between individuals. Thus, any unit of blood that is nonautologous represents a significant dose of alloantigen. Most blood group antigens are proteins, which differ by a single amino acid between donors and recipients. Approximately 1 out of every 70 individuals are transfused each year (in the United States alone), which leads to antibody responses to red blood cell <u>(RBC) alloantigens</u> in some transfusion recipients. When alloantibodies are formed, in many cases, RBCs expressing the antigen in question can no longer be safely transfused. However, despite chronic transfusion, only 3% to 10% of recipients (in general) mount an alloantibody response. In some disease states, rates of alloimmunization are much higher (eg, sickle cell disease). For patients who become alloimmunized to multiple antigens, ongoing transfusion therapy becomes increasingly difficult or, in some cases, impossible. While alloantibodies are the ultimate immune effector of humoral alloimmunization, the cellular underpinnings of the immune system that lead to ultimate alloantibody production are complex, including antigen consumption, antigen processing, antigen presentation, T-cell biology.
Answer: Blister
Explanation:
A blister is a fluid filled bubble like structure which develops in the uppermost layer of the skin that is epidermis. It may also form within the epidermis and dermis.
It develops due to friction, infection, freezing, burning, burns and contact with chemicals. Blister can also be caused due to diseases.
It can be filled with blood, plasma, serum and pus.
Answer:
3 Monitor intake and output
Explanation:
This client is admitted for heart failure and acute pulmonary edema, which means that his/her heart is not pumping blood as it should, and that there's liquid in the lungs, causing the client symptoms such as dyspnea (shortness of breath).
IV Furosemide, a loop diuretic is prescribed. This drug increases renal excretion of water and electrolytes out of the body, resulting in the mobilization of excess fluid from the body and a decrease in blood pressure. The indication to give the client a second dose of furosemide in an hour is because of its delayed effect.
Since furosemide causes liquids to exit the body, it is important to monitor fluid balance in order to evaluate the effectiveness of this medication. Monitoring fluid balance refers to observing and registering all liquids that come in (IV, orally) and out (urine) of the body. For the client, being admitted to the hospital and receiving IV medication, the nursing personnel should be registering all the liquids the client is receiving (IV and orally) and voiding (urine).
