All of the choices are correct.
Option: D
Explanation:
First crusade was initiated by Pope urban II. He believed in forgiveness, he told to the fighters who fought for their holy lands that their sin will forgive by the grace of the god. He thought crusades would increase and develop religious feelings in the fellow disciple's mind and will end fighting between Christian lords.
He also thought that the holy land would be reclaimed Seljuk Turks. Power of Pope, wealth of Church get increase after the crusades.
The history of the alphabet<span> started in ancient Egypt</span>
If I understood your question I believe it’s just called moving pictures or motion pictures
