Some of the steps in the derivation of the quadratic formula are shown.

Mathematics

2 answers:

Leokris [45]2 years ago

8 0

Answer:

(C)The square root of terms separated by addition and subtraction cannot be calculated individually.

Step-by-step explanation:

In Step 7:

$\dfrac{\pm\sqrt{b^2-4ac} }{2a} =x+\dfrac{b }{2a}$

The expression $\pm\sqrt{b^2-4ac}$ cannot be written as $b \pm\sqrt{4ac}$ . This is as a result of the fact that square roots of terms separated by addition and subtraction cannot be calculated individually.

Take these examples:

$\sqrt{9-4} =\sqrt{5} \\\sqrt{9}-\sqrt{4}=3-2=1\\ $Clearly \sqrt{5}\neq 1\\$Similarly\\\sqrt{9+4} =\sqrt{13} \\\sqrt{9}+\sqrt{4}=3+2=5\\ $Clearly \sqrt{13}\neq 5\\$

eduard2 years ago

4 0

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

Took the test on edge.

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If X is a r.v. such that E(X^n)=n! Find the m.g.f. of X,Mx(t). Also find the ch.f. of X,and from this deduce the distribution of

astraxan [27]

$M_X(t)=\mathbb E(e^{Xt})$
$M_X(t)=\mathbb E\left(1+Xt+\dfrac{t^2}{2!}X^2+\dfrac{t^3}{3!}X^3+\cdots\right)$
$M_X(t)=\mathbb E(1)+t\mathbb E(X)+\dfrac{t^2}{2!}\mathbb E(X^2)+\dfrac{t^3}{3!}\mathbb E(X^3)+\cdots$
$M_X(t)=1+t+t^2+t^3+\cdots$
$M_X(t)=\displaystyle\sum_{k\ge0}t^k=\frac1{1-t}$

provided that $|t|$ .

Similarly,

$\varphi_X(t)=\mathbb E(e^{iXt})$
$\varphi_X(t)=1+it+(it)^2+(it)^3+\cdots$
$\varphi_X(t)=(1-t^2+t^4-t^6+\cdots)+it(1-t^2+t^4-t^6+\cdots)$
$\varphi_X(t)=(1+it)(1-t^2+t^4-t^6+\cdots)$
$\varphi_X(t)=\dfrac{1+it}{1+t^2}=\dfrac1{1-it}$

You can find the CDF/PDF using any of the various inversion formulas. One way would be to compute

$F_X(x)=\displaystyle\frac12+\frac1{2\pi}\int_0^\infty\frac{e^{itx}\varphi_X(-t)-e^{-itx}\varphi_X(t)}{it}\,\mathrm dt$

The integral can be rewritten as

$\displaystyle\int_0^\infty\frac{2i\sin(tx)-2it\cos(tx)}{it(1+t^2)}\,\mathrm dt$

so that

$F_X(x)=\displaystyle\frac12+\frac1{2\pi}\int_0^\infty\frac{\sin(tx)-t\cos(tx)}{t(1+t^2)}\,\mathrm dt$

There are lots of ways to compute this integral. For instance, you can take the Laplace transform with respect to $x$ , which gives

$\displaystyle\mathcal L_s\left\{\int_0^\infty\frac{\sin(tx)-t\cos(tx)}{t(1+t^2)}\,\mathrm dt\right\}=\int_0^\infty\frac{1-s}{(1+t^2)(s^2+t^2)}\,\mathrm dt$
$=\displaystyle\frac{\pi(1-s)}{2s(1+s)}$

and taking the inverse transform returns

$F_X(x)=\dfrac12+\dfrac1\pi\left(\dfrac\pi2-\pi e^{-x}\right)=1-e^{-x}$

which describes an exponential distribution with parameter $\lambda=1$ .