Answer:
1. Medulla
2. Heart rate and breathing
Explanation:
The brainstem is the part of the brain that was formed earlier in the history of the evolution of the brain, therefore, is present in the posterior region of the brain. The brainstem is composed of three parts called the pons, the midbrain and the medulla.
The medulla is the portion which is connected to the spinal cord and thus the transfers the signals form the spinal cord to the brain structures.
The brainstem controls the main functions of the body like the breathing rate, the heart rate, consciousness, blood pressure and many involuntary functions.
Thus, Medulla and Heart rate and breathing are correct.
