The early 1800s saw the United States quickly grow in size. New immigrants and new land meant a bigger and stronger country. It also meant displacing thousands of Native Americans and the continued spread of slavery.
Between the Civil War and the First World War the United States of America was transformed from a rural republic to an urban state. The country became a leading industrial power. Great factories and steel mills, flourishing cities and vast agricultural holdings marked the land.
The U.S. had a volatile, yet greatly expanding economy in the 19th century due to industrialization, immigration, territorial expansion, new technological innovations and other trends. A laissez-faire approach by government and poorly regulated banking led to volatility.
The founders of the Song dynasty built an effective centralized bureaucracy staffed with civilian scholar-officials. Regional military governors and their supporters were replaced by centrally appointed officials. ... Song intellectuals sought answers to all philosophical and political questions in the Confucian Classics.
