Islamic Achievements in Medieval Medicine: Hospitals and Doctor Training. Rather than viewing disease as a punishment from God as the Christians thought, Islam looked at disease as just another problem for mankind to solve. The Prophet decreed that the sick and injured should be cared for, not shunned.
Italian city states were a political phenomenon of small independent states, around the northern part of the Italian peninsula around the 9th and the 15th century. They were governed independently
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welfare payments given to people who never worked
The court ruled to remove protection from dangerous
speeches. Charles Schenck was an
anti-war activist who spoke out against the war and was arrested for espionage. It is believe that he was threatening the war
effort with his speeches and was charged as a result.