The Amazon River basin has a low-water season, and a wet season during which, the rivers flood the adjacent, low-lying forests. The climate of the basin is generally hot and humid.
a drop of water may spend over 3,000 years in the ocean before moving on to another part of the water cycle
Cutting down the trees! (Stop cutting them down)
And human presence disrupting the ecosystem (let the environment be)
The subject of science is very broad. With that being said, I think there is no official regulatory board that decides the branches of science. Scientific developments are products of joined efforts of different scientists. These scientists could rebuke another's work provided there is evidence. As long as the theory is generally accepted by the scientists and no one rebukes it effectively, then it is a generally accepted fact and everyone adapts it.
Hence, the answer is B.
It's #1. Hope the answer helped.