The correct answer is D.
In the Reconstruction Era, the 14th and 15th amendments to the US Constitution had been introduced in order to guarantee equal rights for all US citizens, preventing any form of discrimination in terms of race.
The states could not explicitly prevent any citizen from participating in the elections. Still, many Southern states, circumvented the newly established constitutional provisions by implementing new requirements such as literacy tests, payment of poll taxes, property restrictions, etc., that needed to be fulfilled in order to register to vote. These measures excluded mostly black citizens as many were poor and/or illiterate.
Moreover, the grandfather clauses were introduced. These were used so that those whose ancestors were able to vote before the Civil War, could continue doing it wihtout the need of proving that they met the extra requirements: the tests, the poll taxes, etc. These provisions enahnced even more the discrimination against black US citizens.
Cannot be compelled to testify against oneself
Answer:
Permanent houses, hospitals, schools and cultivation of crops.
Explanation:
Settling and staying in one area or location allowed humans to make permanent houses where they lived forever because that area has all the facilities available which is necessary for living. Humans also started to cultivate food crops instead of hunting in order to fulfill their food needs. Humans also make hospitals and educational institution for themselves in order to educate their children and maintain their health status.
The European system of Manorialism is most closely associated with maintaining economic self sufficiency. Manorialism is actually considered a very essential element of the feudal system and society. It is also considered as the organizing principle of most rural economy. I hope this comes to your help.
