What are the answer choices
Because it was mainly Europe that was Christian. Asia was for example mostly Buddhist, Confucian, and Hindu. The Middle East and Northern Africa was Islamic. The rest of the world was influenced by Europe and it’s Christianity.
The answer is B) A series of actions by the Catholic Church intended to spread and defend the Catholic faith.
The counter-reformation was in response to the Protestant reformation, so the first answer is out of the question.
Martin Luthers own actions sparked the Protestant reformation, and as mentioned prior - it was a response to the Protestant reformation (however, during this time they did solidify the power of the pope).
After the colonial army victory at Saratoga, the British worked to bring the south under their control.
Recruited British loyalists to strike at the local patriot militias. Patriots near the frontiers rose up against the British led loyalists in bloody battles away from coastal strongholds.