Sputnik I was the world's first ever artificial satellite that launched by the Soviet Union in 1957. This marked the start of the "space age" which pushed the race between the US and the USSR in the field. Because of this "competition", many scientific discoveries were made to study and even travel to outer space.
It's where only a few people get to rule someplace.
The asnwer is A. They enabled people to embrace western good and ideas