B) Realization that their civilizations were backward and poor was not a reason for doing this. After being deceived from Western powers, there was a determination among the Chinese and the Japanese to keep outsiders from changing traditional beliefs and practices, and they did not want Europeans to control them and hold all their power. They also wanted to be independent and self-sufficient, as well as fully sovereign.
b. realization that their civilizations were backward and poor
China and Japan rejected contact with foreigners because they were determined to preserve traditional institutions, which would be affected by foreigners. For example in China, the ruling class was a predominantly conservative class. Civilizations considered too much innovation as dangerous. There was never a feeling of backwardness with respect to the other countries.
Environmental interest groups are critical to the conservation and protection of environmental resources. They play an essential role in the public policy process by bringing attention to environmental issues, building support for change, and lobbying for new laws.
Thomas Jefferson was the main writer of the Declaration of independence although he did not take any part in the American revolution part of the war he was recommended to write the document by George Washington and Benjamin Franklin
