<span>b. Wilson called the action an act of barbarism but continued his push to keep the United States out of war.
In 1915, the passenger ship Lusitania was sunk by German submarines,
killing 128 Americans. Wilson demanded the end to the unrestricted use
of submarine warfare. Eventually, in March 1916, after the sinking of
the passenger ship Sussex, Germany issued the Sussex Pledge, stating
three important promises: (1) German submarines would no longer target
passenger ships; (2) merchant ships would not be attacked unless they
were known to be carrying weapons; and (3) provisions would be made for
personnel and passengers of merchant ships to get off the ship safely
prior to its destruction.</span>
From 1861 to 1900, the Civil War fostered a great deal of economic change in the United States. During this period, the economic change most fostered by the Civil War included (1) an end to slavery; (2) an increase in the need for cheap labor to work in the factories; and (3) an increase in railroad building.
Unlike Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt, the inhabitants of the Indus Valley Civilization did not build large, monumental structures. There is no conclusive evidence of palaces or temples—or even of kings, armies, or priests—and the largest structures may be granaries.
