Question

In eukaryote genes, nucleotide segments that code for proteins, called , are interrupted by noncoding segments, called . 2. the process by which information encoded in messenger rna (mrna) is used to assemble a protein is called . 3. the enzyme synthesizes an rna strand by first unwinding a dna molecule and then stringing together a series of rna nucleotides complementary to it. 4. a(n) is a sequence of three bases on a molecule of transfer rna (trna) that is complementary to a coding triplet of messenger rna (mrna) bases. 5. amino acids are added one at a time to the growing protein chain, or , on a ribosome. 6. the process by which the genetic information encoded in dna is copied into messenger rna (mrna) is called .

Answer 1

1. In eukaryote genes, nucleotide segments that code for proteins, called exons, are interrupted by noncoding segments, called introns.
2. The process by which information encoded in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to assemble a protein is called translation.  
3. The enzyme RNA polymerase synthesizes an RNA strand by first unwinding a DNA molecule and then stringing together a series of RNA nucleotides complementary to it.
 4. A(n) codon is a sequence of three bases on a molecule of transfer RNA (tRNA) that is complementary to a coding triplet of messenger RNA (mRNA) bases.
 5. Amino acids are added one at a time to the growing protein chain, or polypeptide chain, on a ribosome.
6. The process by which the genetic information encoded in DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA) is called transcription.