Answer:
d. Southern soldiers had the advantage of fighting defensively, whereas Northerners had to attack on unknown terrain.
Explanation:
The South tried to negotiate with Lincoln by offering to pay for federal property and sign a peace treaty with the United States. Lincoln refused to carry out any negotiations with the Confederates since signing any treaty with them would recognize the Confederation as a sovereign government. However, the Secretary of State, William Seward, held several unauthorized meetings with the Confederate agents, although they failed.
Even though most of the federal properties on Confederate soil had changed hands peacefully, there were still several forts that resisted, especially Fort Sumter, and Lincoln was determined to keep it that way. On April 12, General Pierre Gustave de Beauregard, following orders from President Davis, began a cannonball against the fort, which, lacking relief, had to surrender, as did the others. Lincoln, then, ordered states to recruit volunteers to form troops to recover the lost forts and maintain the Union. Since the rebellion so far seemed small, the request would be limited to 75,000 men for 90 days, many states had been doing so for several months, so that they could start moving their militias the day after the presidential order.
This order would mark the beginning of the war, but it would also be a reason for the Confederation to expand from seven to eleven states with the addition of Tennessee, Arkansas, North Carolina and Virginia. These, who had so far refused to join the Confederation, then refused to send troops against their neighbors, declared their independence and joined the South. To reward Virginia, the Confederate capital was moved to Richmond. This decision would be shown as a very serious strategic mistake, as the city was in a very vulnerable position, at the end of a difficult supply line, something that would pay dearly during the Civil War , especially after the capture of Atlanta by Sherman, which would seriously harm his supplies, which would be reduced almost to zero after the siege of Grant of the city of Petersburg, from which the capital of the South was supplied. The fall of Richmond (accelerated by the exposed reasons) would mark the end of the war, even though the South still retained a large amount of territory.
