I think it's between a or d but most likely d
Why were people of the Chinese ethnicity paid less than those of American descent or ethnicity?
Answer:
A sentence fragment is a group of words used as a sentence that lacks a crucial element that makes it an incomplete thought
A comma splice on the other hand is a mistake when two independent clauses are spliced together with only a comma.
Muir's use of diction in this paragraph, clearly shows how effective his language. The bolded words, like difficult, force, crooked, struggling, etc. create a tense, painful, and frustrating mood. Muir uses these words describe how his journey was through the wading bogs, and swamps and he uses these words to describe what he went through before finding the Calypso Borealis.