The best answer here would be pencil.
Artists use pencil to make sketches and create studies. They then use these sketches and studies to create their final larger piece. They use pencil because it's quick, can be corrected, lightweight and easy to use. Before pencils artists would make charcoal drawings but once we had pencils it made sense to use them as they aren't messy like charcoal.
Answer:
The chiaroscuro in this painting shows that it was probably painted during the
a painting of people standing together, using dark, right colors and lots of shadows
Public Domain
Explanation:
D. Leiden Modern Age
