Meiosis is divided into two stages. Homologous chromosomes align at the metaphase plate during Metaphase I, which is followed by Anaphase I, where they then separate to opposite poles.
A facultative parasite refers to a species, which may resort to parasitic activity, but is not completely dependent on any host for finishing its life cycle. Therefore, the growth of Armillaria fungi inside a tree's roots, making the tree to rot, but will survive even if the tree dies, is an example of facultative parasitism.
An obligate parasite refers to a parasitic species, which cannot finish its life-cycle in the absence of a suitable host. Therefore, rickettsia bacteria's tendency to surviving only in a eukaryotic cell is an example of obligate parasitism.
A long-term symbiosis or biological association in which members of one species attain benefits while those of the other species is neither harmed nor are benefited is known as commensalism. Hence, a pseudoscorpion, a kind of arthropod hiding under the wings of beetle for protection and transportation, however, it does not affect the beetle is an example of commensalism.
Predation refers to a biological association, where one species, the predator, kills and consumes another species, known as prey. A freshwater amoeba feeds on bacteria in the water is an example of predator and prey.
Answer:
A. By releasing toxins that poison your cells
B. By using your cells to make copies of themselves
Explanation:
Within the body, bacteria can divide (multiply) and kill host cells by disrupting their normal functioning. Moreover, bacteria secrete toxins that are able to destroy host cells' metabolic machinery. For instance, many bacteria synthesize exoenzymes and interferons that disrupt and destroy host cells. Bacterial toxins can be synthesized internally in order to develop sensitivity through antigenic properties.
