Answer:
In order to be useful in treating human infections, antibiotics must selectively target bacteria for eradication and not the cells of its human host. Indeed, modern antibiotics act either on processes that are unique to bacteria--such as the synthesis of cell walls or folic acid--or on bacterium-specific targets within processes that are common to both bacterium and human cells, including protein or DNA replication. Following are some examples.
Most bacteria produce a cell wall that is composed partly of a macromolecule called peptidoglycan, itself made up of amino sugars and short peptides. Human cells do not make or need peptidoglycan. Penicillin, one of the first antibiotics to be used widely, prevents the final cross-linking step, or transpeptidation, in assembly of this macromolecule. The result is a very fragile cell wall that bursts, killing the bacterium. No harm comes to the human host because penicillin does not inhibit any biochemical process that goes on within us.
hope this helps :) can i get brainliest?
Explanation:
Answer:
The papillary layer provides the layer above it, the epidermis, with nutrients to produce skin cells called keratinocytes. It also helps regulate the temperature of our skin and thus the body as a whole
The correct answer is signal transduction.
Signal transduction also called cell signaling refers to the conduction of molecular signals from the external of the cell to its internal. The signals perceived by the cells must be conducted efficiently into the cell to make sure an effective response. This step is stimulated by cell-surface receptors.
There are three phases in the procedure of communication or cell signaling, that is, reception, transduction, and response.
