John Calvin created the modern democracy. For example the US, the people get to vote for who they want for their leader and the person with the majority of the votes wins.
The answer would be C. France. France was never controlled by the Ottoman Empire.
An American with a political ideology that is primarily moderate, yet more liberal on some issues is most likely to be a member of the Independent Party. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the first option or option "A". I hope the answer helps you.