The correct answers (c.) punctuated equilibrium.Punctuated equilibrium is a mode of evolution that the certain foraminifera (shelled protozoa) represents. It is , in fact, the hypothesis of the evolutionary development of rapid episodes that is marked between long periods of little or even with no change at all.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
There are certain limitations associated with the Punnett Squares. They are not useful in case of complex genetic inheritance such as linkage between two genes. In case of linkages it becomes difficult to estimate the distribution of genotypes and phenotypes. For example in case of Nail-patella Syndrome and gene associated with blood group two genes lie on the same chromosome in close vicinity and hence there are high chances of inheritance of these traits in the offspring from the parent thereby causing random distribution of the two traits. This random distribution cannot be captured through punnet square.
The same problem is associated in case where a single gene is determined by multiple genes with graded effects of each gene.
Answer:
In glycolysis, the generation of ATP takes place at the time of the transformation of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate and at the time of the transformation of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate. However, when arsenate is used in place of phosphate it results in the generation of 1-arseno-3-phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate that further gets dissociated into 3-phosphoglycerate without generating any ATP.
However, in the process, the transformation of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate does not get hampered, and therefore, the reaction will produce two ATP from one glucose. Although at the time of the preparatory phase of glycolysis, two ATPs are used that signifies that the net gain of ATP will be zero.
Lymphocytes are the cells responsible for waging war againsy disease or infection.
