A full IRB committee meeting is convened and one agenda item is a new research proposal to evaluate how mothers interact with th
eir learning-disabled child. The inclusion criteria require the children to be a minimum of five years of age. The protocol requires the mother of the child to look at the child without any expression and not to talk to the child for three minutes. The committee determined that the mother's required task may upset the child. The IRB approved the study with appropriate language in the parental permission form regarding the possibility that children might become upset. After the start of the study, the Principal Investigator reports to the IRB that, as expected, one of the children became upset. The incident was handled according to the protocol and the child is fine. What should the IRB do with regard to this report?
Follow up with both the parent and the child about their experience and how it affected them, then evaluate the likelihood of it happening again and decide whether it's worth continuing with the study.
Explanation:
There is no one answer to this question, as it pertains to ethics in research and like most ethical questions, it requires a discussion. While intentionally harming or negatively affecting a participant in a study is never right, we can cause some discomfort if this is an acceptable level, the participant is well informed and knowingly decided to participate anyway, and it will provide us with valuable information for the purposes of the study. If the IRB received a report of a child becoming upset they must investigate the report. They need to know how the child's behavior changed while being upset, did it produce any lasting effects on the child and mother, and if it was due to the study's protocol or to a particular characteristic of the child or mother. With this they can estimate how likely it is for the incident to repeat and how it would affect future participants. Finally they must weigh this against the benefits the study could bring, only continuing the study if the discomfort that could be caused is acceptable and it will provide valuable information.
A variable is a name given to a quality that can assume a range of values.
<u>Explanation:
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When an equation is enumerated, certain assumptions need to be made in order to dispense the convenience of problem-solving.
This convenience refers to the introduction of a variable in the equation.
When a variable is put in the equation, a certain degree of flexibility is offered as the one who tries to prove the equation, gets the concession to assign any suitable value to the variable that would satisfy the equation.
However, the Aztec king was the most powerful member of the Triple Alliance, making all decisions having to do with war or conquest. And he was much more powerful than the rulers of city-states not belonging to the Triple Alliance
