Important changes in the Middle East between the 13th and 15th centuries include the 13 Century end of the First Crusade and the capture/founding of Jerusalem. After that came the rise of the Mongol/Turkish/Ottoman Empire during the 14th Century. The Ottoman transcontinental Empire controlled much of North Africa, Western Asia, and Southeast Europe. This led to the creation of important transcontinental trade routes and a boom of economic trade between the continents.
Pushing the Mongols north and fighting them, and the rebuilding of Beijing caused the Chinese decision to abandon major expeditions.
The figure is not marked in any way that would indicate it is a parallelogram. If we assume it is, then
... BE = DE
... 10x -3 = 8x -1 . . substitute the given expressions
... 2x = 2 . . . . . . . . add 3-8x
... x = 1 . . . . . . . . . . divide by 2
The appropriate choice is ...
... A. 1 unit
_____
Since the figure is not marked to indicate BE=DE, you could argue that any answer is correct.
Prejudice is a major cause of in-groups as similar minded people, with alike prejudices, might join to form a clique. Some consider cliques to be a social norm, and to "fit in", they feel compelled to join one. Scapegoating a common tactic used by mobs to blame one, or a few individuals, even if there isn't sufficient evidence to prove guiltiness. Equal status contract explains why people form cliques and why they can act hostile to others, but not to people in their "group". Using attribution theory, one can model a situation to determine the causes of actions and behaviors.
Cogeneration is the process of taking a waste product or process and producing heat and generating electricity from it at the same time.
It could be collection of waste heat from the original generation of electricity or burning of biodiesel, ethanol or methane gas from sewer or cow dung. The only answer where electricity is using or creating heat and generating electricity power is C.
