If there are a lot more females then males in a country, there could be a rise in births, and if it is serious it could lead to an overpopulation problem. If there are more males there could be a lack of births, and the infrastructure could be compromised. In both cases specific gender-related jobs could be in short supply or there might not be enough workers for a steady economy.
4x=32
You would divide 32/4 to find x which is 8. So since we found x we will apply it to the equation
35 - 5(8) = 35-40 = -5
Without any information i would say the industrial revolution and the pollution that occured because of it