Hello. You did not enter the text to which this question refers, which makes it very difficult to answer it exactly. However, I will try to help you in the best possible way.
As you showed that the word "author" in line 10 was used as a proper noun, we can consider that the same word in line 4 was used in a general way and did not specify an exact person. This is because proper nouns are terms used to specify something or someone, as the question states that the word "author" was not used with the same meaning in line 4, we can consider that this is the difference.
I think that is D. If not sorry
General Paulus took over Stalingard .
This is the only location I remember sorry
The White Nile and The Blue Nile merging near Khartoum, Sudan
He was the lawyer of the British soldiers even though he was a patriot. He agreed with both sides and believed that the soldiers deserved a fair trail.
I hope this helps.