It was primarily "b. An oil embargo" that contributed in forcing the U.S to confront the scarcity of fossil fuels, since up until then the US hadn't faced many issues in terms of acquiring enough fuel.
The election of 1824 that brought John Quincy Adams to the presidency was the most controversial and complicated election in American history, since it had to be decided in the House of Representatives.
A president needs to be genuine, understanding, courageous, intelligent, and proud of their country no matter what in order to succeed. Just ask Obama.
B. rejecting traditional values